Immune Checkpoint Protein Analysis Service Based on SPR Technology

Immune checkpoints are a series of molecules expressed on immune cells that regulate the degree of immune activation and play an important role in preventing the onset of autoimmune effects. The body's immune function is activated when stimulated, but not over-activated, because one of the important functions of the "immune checkpoint molecules" is to act like the braking system of a car, to "brake" the immune system when it is activated, so that the activation of the immune system is kept within normal limits. This is because one of the important functions of the "immune checkpoint molecule" is to act as a brake for the car, so that the activation of the immune system is kept within normal limits. In this way, the immune system is not over-activated. Abnormalities in the expression and function of immune checkpoint molecules are an important cause of many diseases. For example, if the immune checkpoint molecules are overexpressed or overactive, the immune function will be suppressed and the body will be less immune, making the person prone to tumours and other diseases. PD-1 (programmed death-1) is the most commonly used immune checkpoint.

Fig.1 Immune checkpoints as targets for immunotherapy (Dembic, Z, 2020)

PD-1 is expressed primarily on activated T cells, NK cells, B cells and certain myeloid cells. When activated, PD-1 signals and negatively regulates the immune response. two known ligands for PD-1 are PD-L1 and PD-L2. PD-L1 is expressed on a wide range of immune cell types, including T cells, B cells, DCs and a variety of tumour cells. In contrast, PD-L2 is expressed on DCs and macrophages induced by IL-4, LPS and INF-γ. PD-1 plays an important role in reducing autoimmunity and promoting autoimmune tolerance by inhibiting T cell activation and down-regulating the immune response. PD-1-induced suppression is achieved by promoting apoptosis of lymph node antigen-specific T cells, while reducing apoptosis of Tregs. Tumours can use PD-1 signalling to evade immune detection, and if immune checkpoint molecules can be modulated an enhanced immune function of the body can be achieved. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are inhibitory drugs developed to target the immune checkpoint and activate immune cells to kill tumour cells. The hottest anti-cancer drugs are antibodies against the important immune checkpoint molecule PD-1, which must be combined with its ligand PD-L1 to be effective, and targeted drugs against PD-L1 are already available for tumour treatment. Certainly, the discovery of new immune checkpoint molecules and the development of drugs that modulate the expression or function of these molecules hold great promise for clinical application. The identification of effective targets in each pathway and the development of corresponding anti-tumour drugs have been important tasks and directions of research in tumour therapy in recent years.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the process of immune checkpoint protein analysis

The study of immune checkpoints is of increasing interest to researchers as an emerging area of research in the field of immunity. The discovery of new immune checkpoints and the development of new drugs for new immune checkpoint inhibitors are two of the main research directions, which are based on intermolecular interaction analysis, such as receptor-ligand affinity analysis and affinity screening of drug targets. If you have a need for immune checkpoint-related research, consider our high-throughput technology platform. The general flow of our SPR technology platform for the analysis of immune checkpoints is illustrated in the diagram below. In the first place, SPR can improve the efficiency of immune checkpoint discovery and screening, and greatly facilitate the development of relevant immune checkpoint inhibitory drugs. The high-throughput advantage of the SPR technology platform can improve the traditional low-throughput analysis process, saving valuable analysis time on the one hand. On the other hand, the reproducibility of the technology platform can be improved and cost savings can be achieved.

Fig.2 BIAchip™ in the process of immune checkpoint protein analysis

In addition to the main advantage of being able to achieve high throughput analysis, SPR technology also ensures high accuracy of data results and high sensitivity of the detection process at the same time. SPR system minimises systematic errors, so that you can be confident in the results obtained from our technology in relation to immune checkpoints. The high accuracy of the SPR technology platform provides the basis for your subsequent studies after the molecular interactions. In addition, SPR technology has been improved to address the problem of low sensitivity in traditional molecular interaction analysis, which can lead to poor data signals. In the screening of drug targets and the affinity analysis of drugs, small molecules are often involved. For this reason SPR technology provides highly sensitive molecular interaction analysis, which greatly reduces the detection limit and facilitates the analysis of small molecules. If you do not want your real data to be interfered with by low sensitivity signals, perhaps you might consider our SPR technology platform. We will provide you with high throughput, high accuracy and high sensitivity for molecular interactions in molecular checkpoint studies.

Choosing SPR technology platform of Creative Proteomics, you will greatly save time and money costs owing to high-throughput intermolecular interaction analysis servive about immune checkpoints. All services are available on a 24/7/365 basis. If you have any questions or suggestions about SPR, please feel free to contact us right now.

For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.